Sei Mavharuvhu eIndasitiri Achitadza uye Maitiro ekugadzirisa

Ona Mufananidzo Mukuru
Mavharuvhu eindasitiri haagari nekusingaperi.Havauye zvakachipa futi.Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kugadzirisa kunotanga mukati memakore 3-5 ekushandiswa.Nekudaro, kunzwisisa uye kuziva zvikonzero zvinowanzokonzera kutadza kwevhavha kunogona kurebesa hupenyu hwevhavhavha.

Ichi chinyorwa chinopa ruzivo rwekugadzirisa mavharuvhu asina kunaka, zvikonzero zvinowanzoitika nei mavharuvhu achida kugadziriswa uye zviratidzo zvekuti mavharuvhu atove akanganisa.

Chii Chinoita Kuti Mavhavha Agare Nguva Yakareba

Upenyu hwevhavha hunoenderana nezvinhu zvitatu: hutano hwechisimbiso, mukati nekunze kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuwanda kwekushanda.

Kana chisimbiso chichishanda zvakakwana, valve inoshandawo zvakanaka.Kusarudza chisimbiso chakanaka kunovimbisa kushanda kwakanaka uye kugadzirisa.

Kune rumwe rutivi, zvinhu zvakadai sekumanikidzwa, tembiricha, pamwe nerudzi rwemidhiya zvakakosha kufunga.Pakupedzisira, kana valve ichishanda nguva dzose, nguva yekuchengetedza inenge yakapoteredza 3 mwedzi kuti ive nechokwadi chehutano hwakanaka.

Maziviro Ekuti Inguva Yekugadzirisa Mavharuvhu

#1 Kana paine mukati mekupinda mukati

Chimwe chezvikonzero nei paine kubuda kwemukati ndechekuti vharafu haigone kuve nekuvhara yakazara.Zvinoenderana nezviyero zvepasirese, yega yega yevharuvhu ine yakanyanya kubvumidzwa kuvuza (MAL).Chiratidzo chekutaura kuti vharafu inoda kugadziriswa kana kudonha kwacho kuri kupfuura chiyero chinodiwa cheMAL

#2 Kana paine kubuda kwekunze

Pane zvikonzero zvishoma zvekuti nei kubuda kwekunze kuripo.Mumamiriro ezvinhu akawanda, kwave kune kuchengetwa kusina kunaka.Zvinogona zvakare kuti zvinhu zvevhavha uye midhiya hazvienderane.Kunyanya kupisa kunogona kukonzera kubuda kwekunze.

#3 Kana vharuvhu ikaita ruzha

Sando yemvura izwi rinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri kutsanangura ruzha rwunoitwa nemavharuvhu.Ichi chiratidzo chokuti valve inoda kugadziriswa.Iyo disc inorovera chigaro chevharuvhu inokonzera ruzha urwu.

#4 Kana vharuvhu isingachashandi

Zviripachena, kana vharuvhu isingachashande, inguva yakakwira yekuibvisa kana kuigadzirisa.Nepo mavharuvhu mazhinji achigona kugadziriswa, kune ayo anogadzirisa anenge ari pedyo nekusaita.

Izvo Zvakajairwa Zvinokonzeresa Kukundikana Kwemaindasitiri Valve

#1 Yakashata Valve Saizi

Iyo isiriyo vheji saizi yekuverenga inogona kutungamirira kune undersized kana oversized mavharuvhu.Izvi zvakakosha nekuti kuyerera kwe media kunoenderana nehukuru hwevhavha.Iyo yakawandisa inogona kuderedza kudzvanywa nepo undersized valve inogona kukonzera mabhodhoro.

Solution
Tsvaga online valve sizing Calculator.Kune nzira dzakasiyana dzezvinwiwa pamwe nemagasi.Kana kuverenga kwemanyore kuchinetesa, yepamhepo inongoita hunyengeri.

Izvi zvaizoita kuti kutsvaga mhando yevharuvhu kuve nyore.Senzvimbo yereferensi, tarisawo kukosha kweKv kunowanikwa mune tsananguro yechigadzirwa.Uyewo, funga chiyero chinodiwa chekuyerera pamwe chete nekuderedza kuderera kwehuwandu.

#2 Kusaenderana kwezvinhu

Iyo midhiya mhando, zvinhu zvechigaro uye zvinhu zvemuviri wevharuvhu zvinofanirwa kuenderana.Kusapindirana kunoreva kuti vharafu inonyanya kupfekwa uye kubvaruka.

Solution
Tarisa tsananguro yechigadzirwa chemhando yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa chigaro chevharuvhu uye muviri.Izvi zvinofanirwa kutevedzera zvimiro zveindasitiri kuti ndezvipi zvekushandisa media.Zvakare, tarisa kukuvadzwa kwevharuvhu kana uchifungidzira kuti pakange pasina kushandiswa kwezvinhu.Kuchinja vharafu kunodhura.Tsiva zvikamu zvinosangana nevezvenhau kune chimwe chinhu chinogona kumira nazvo.

#3 Kukuvadzwa kweElastomer

Elastomers anowanzo shandiswa sezvigaro zvevharuvhu, gaskets kana O-mhete anoita sechisimbiso.Nekuti iwo elastic, iwo akasarudzika sarudzo yekuisa chisimbiso maapplication.Izvi zvinodzivirirawo kubata kwesimbi valve body ne media.Mienzaniso ye elastomers anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri ekushandisa anosanganisira nitrile, Aflas, uye Teflon.

Elastomer kupfeka kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekufamba kwechisikigo kwemvura.Kazhinji kazhinji, chikonzero chingave kusaenderana kwe elastomer uye midhiya.

Solution
Funga kuenderana kwe elastomer uye midhiya.Tarisa kutsanangurwa kwechigadzirwa pane mhando dzemidhiya yekushandisa ne elastomers.Paunenge uchitenga, tarisa tsanangudzo yevhavha.Kana elastomer isingaenderane, tsvaga zvimwe zvekuvharisa zvinokodzera elastomer.

Kana iyo elastomer chisimbiso chave nemadent, makatsemuka uye zvinofarirwa zvave kutooneka, tsiva chikamu ichi.Zvakare, tarisa kana paine mapfekero ekupfeka anotevera midhiya inoyerera, zvinoreva kuti iyo yekupedzisira yakanyanya abrasive.

#4 Valve Stem Wear

Zvidiki zvidiki zvakaita sevhavha stem packing kana mabhoti egland anokonzera kusakara nekubvaruka pazinde.Uyezve, kufamba kunoramba kuripo kwevhavha disc, pamwe chete nekubatana kweiyo corrosive, kunobatsirawo pakusakara uye kubvaruka kwetsinde.

Kune iyo stem yekurongedza, kushaikwa kweiyo elasticity inodzikisa chisimbiso gap kunokonzera kupera.Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika munyaya yekubatanidzwa kweinelastic packing material uye gland bolts.

Solution
Kune mavharuvhu madiki, mhinduro chete ndeyekutsiva iyo mushure mezvose, inowanikwa nyore nyore.Zvisinei, kune mavharuvhu makuru, kutsiva hakuna mari.Mhinduro yakanakisisa ndeyokuvandudza valve yazvino.

Usati watarisa dzinde, tarisa zvimwe zvidiki tanga senge magland studs, mabhaudhi uye mabhokisi ekuisira.Nhanho inotevera ndeyekutarisa hunde kana ichida kuvandudzwa kana kutsiviwa.

#5 Cavitation

Cavitation inowanzoitika mukudzora mavharuvhu ane liquid media.Zvinhu zviviri zvinoita kuti cavitation is fluid velocity uye pressure drop.Cavitation inoitika kana paine shanduko mumazinga ekumanikidza uye velocity yemvura.

Mabhubhu anoumba kana mvura inodzvinyirirwa yakadzikira pane mhute yekumanikidza muvharuvhu.Aya mabhubhu neimwe nzira anomisa kuyerera kwenhau.Kana dzvinyiriro yemvura yadzoka kubva padanho rakadzikira, mabhuru anodonha, zvichikonzera kukuvadzwa kwevhavha.Iwe unogona kutarisa maitiro muvhidhiyo ye cavitation.

Solution
Ita shuwa kuti application iri kushandisa vharafu chaiyo.Kana iri chimiro chisina kunaka kana saizi, pane mukana wakakura wecavitation.Shandisa anti-cavitation mavharuvhu emvura uye mvura yekushandisa.Kana ukashandisa mavharuvhu ekudzora, zviise munzvimbo idzo vharafu ine yakaderera yakanangana nemapombi.

#6 Nyundo Yemvura

Sando yemvura ndiyo mamiriro ekuti pane abrupt pressure spikes muvharuvhu.Ndiyo imwe yemasimba anoparadza zvakanyanya anogona kukanganisa muviri wevharuvhu.Zvinhu zvitatu zvinogadzira nyundo yemvura: kukurumidza kuvhara kwevhavha, kukurumidza kwakadini kwemvura panguva iyo valve inovhara uye kuti mhepo inoputika sei papombi.Iwe unogona zvakare kutarisa vhidhiyo iyi kuti uwane imwe sumo yemvura sando.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvinokonzeresa chiitiko ichi ndiko ukobvu hwemukati wevharuvhu, kusimba kwepombi uye kudzvanywa kwenhau.

Solution
Shandisa throttling valve kuderedza sando yemvura.Zvakare, shandisa vharuvhu yekukurumidza kuita pa/kudzima sevhavhavhavhavhavhavha.Kunonoka kuita chimwe kwakakodzerawo sezvo izvi zvinoderedza kumanikidza kwesando yemvura.Panzvimbo pekuvhura nekuvhara nemaoko vharafu, shandisa hydraulic actuator kubvumira kukurumidza kuvhura nekuvhara.

#7 Dzvinyiriro uye Tembiricha Inodarika Iyo Inodiwa Paramita

Mavharuvhu ane chaiyo kudzvanywa uye tembiricha zvinodiwa.Kuenda kupfuura izvo valve inogona kumira inogona kukuvadza.

Solution
Usati waiswa, tarisa izvo zvinodikanwa zvechigadzirwa kuti uone kuti hapana kudzvanywa uye tembiricha kukwira kunoitika.Kugadzirisa nguva dzose uye kugadzirisa kwakakosha.Tsiva zvikamu zvakakuvara nekuda kwekuwedzera tembiricha uye kukuvara kwekumanikidza.

#8 Yakakanganisa Actuator

Actuators inouya mumhando nhatu: manual, powered kana automatic.Actuators inobata kupinda uye kubuda kwe media uye kuyerera kwe midhiya, kudzvanywa, uye tembiricha.Izvo zviri kutaurwa, kusarudza iyo isiriyo actuator inopfupisa hupenyu hwevhavha nekuti vharafu inopera nyore nyore.

Iko kushandiswa kusina kunaka kwemagetsi kunogona kukonzera kupisa.Kwete chete kuti kupisa kunogona kukonzera moto, asi kunogona kukuvadza zvachose actuator.

Solution
Kupinza kwakasimba kubva kune actuator kunogona kukuvadza hunde yevharuvhu uye disc kana valve yakamira kuvhara kana kuvhura.Kana midhiya ichinonoka-kufamba, sarudza ma actuators anoenderana neizvi.Kana kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwekumanikidzwa, sarudza actuator inogona kuvhura kana kuvhara zviri nyore.

Kuti uzive kana vharuvhu yakuvadzwa kana kuti ingori actuator iri kuita zvisinganzwisisike, batidza bhuku repamusoro.Iyo vharafu inoita seyakanaka, iyo actuator yakakuvadzwa.

Kana vharafu isingafambi, dambudziko ndiro actuator.Uyezve, tarisa hunde yevharuvhu kune chero kukanganisa.Dzinde revharuvhu rakasakara rinokanganisa mafambiro anoita actuator.

Kuisa zvikamu zvaro zvinonzwisisika kunofanirwa kunge kuri kure kubva kune actuator kana paine yakanyanya kudzvanywa kana mukana weiyo yakanyanya vibrations.Izvi ndezvekudzivirira nhengo dzakasimba kubva pakukuvadzwa.

NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) yakaisa zviyero pamavharuvhu emagetsi kuitira kuchengetedza.

#9 Kuiswa Kwakashata

Mamwe mavharuvhu ari nyore kuisa pane mamwe.Zvinosuruvarisa, zviitiko zvakawanda zvekutadza kwevharuvhu zvinobva pakuiswa kwakashata kwevharuvhu.Tora semuenzaniso kuisirwa swing cheki mavharuvhu.Vamwe vanhu vanga vachiaisa mune isiriyo orientation.Pane zviratidzo zvekutevera kuti zvive nyore kuisa.

Solution
Mavharuvhu mazhinji akaiswa panzvimbo yakatwasuka kunze kwekunge ataurwa.Iva nechokwadi chokuti munhu anoisa valve ane unyanzvi hwakakwana uye kudzidzira kuita basa racho nemazvo.

#10 Izvo zvisina kufanira kushanda uye kuseta kudzvanywa musiyano

Operational pressure ndiyo huwandu hwepressure chaiyo iripo pakushanda.Kune rimwe divi, set pressure ndiyo yakajairwa kudzvinyirirwa kwepombi opareta inogadzika pombi system.Dambudziko rinowanzomuka kumanikidzwa kwekushanda kuri pedyo nekugadzirisa kwakaiswa.

Solution
Tarisa kuvimbika kwevhavha.Kunyanya tarisa valve disc, chigaro uye dzinde.Uyezve, tarisa kune leakage.Dzorera zvikamu zvakakanganiswa kana zvichidiwa.

Zvinhu zvakadai sezvinhu zvevhavha, midhiya, kusungirirwa kwechigaro, pakati pezvimwe, isa zvishoma zve10% musiyano pakati pekushanda uye kuisa zvinomanikidza.Zvisinei, musiyano wakakodzera i20%.

#11 Reverse Flow

Reverse flow inoreva chiitiko chekuti mafambiro enhau anongoerekana achinja.Izvi, pamwe chete nesando yemvura, ndizvo zviviri zvezvinowanzoitika uye zvinokuvadza zvakanyanya kukuvara kwevharuvhu.

Solution
Kudzivirira ndicho chinhu chikuru.Kuisa chinyararire cheki vharuvhu kana chero vharafu inovhara nekukurumidza inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kushanda kwevharuvhu.

#12 Debris

Zvimedu zvakakora zvakaita semu slurries zvinokonzera mabrasions pachigaro.Izvi zvinogona kunamatira mumavharuvhu, zvichiita kuti valve irambe yakavhurika kana yakavharwa.Pamusoro pezvo, marara, kana aomesa muvharuvhu, anogona kukonzera kuti zvikamu zvevharuvhu zvityoke.

Solution
Nguva dzose kugadzirisa uye kuchenesa valve kwakakosha.Izvi zvinobvisa marara uye kudzivirira marara kuoma uye kuwedzera kukuvadza mavharuvhu

#13 Maintenance Isiriyo uye Gadzirisa

Kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa zvisiri izvo hazvisi kungokuvadza chete, asiwo zvinodhura uye zvinotora nguva.

Solution
Ita shuwa kuti kutaridzika kwevharuvhu kwakaringana.Shandisai madhairekitori mumutumbi wevharuvhu anogona kubatsira mukugadzika kwakakodzera kwevhavha.Ita shuwa kuti nzira dzinoteedzerwa sekunge vharafu yakatarisa.

Maitiro Akanyanya Kudzivirira Kukundikana Kwevhavha

Sezvinoita muzviitiko zvakawanda, kudzivirira kuri nani pane kurapa.Nguva dzose kugadzirisa kunoshanda nevanyanzvi vane hunyanzvi.Kazhinji kazhinji, nyaya dzevhavha dzinomuka nekuda kwekukanganisa kwevanhu.Kuti ugadzirise dambudziko iri, shandisa vashandi vane hunyanzvi uye vakadzidziswa zvakanyanya kuti vaise nekuchengetedza vharafu uye pombi system.

Kuchenesa mavharuvhu uye kuve nechokwadi kuti aya haana marara.Kana zvichidikanwa, isa mafirita kuti aparadzanise marara kubva kune inoyerera midhiya.Geza mapaipi kuti uderedze kuwanda.

Mukuwedzera kune izvi, zora valve.Ivhavha inoumbwa nezvinhu zvidiki zvinotakurika.Kuzora izvi kunoreva kukweshana kushoma, izvo zvinoderedza kusakara uye kubvaruka uye zvinovandudza kushanda.

Tarisa mavharuvhu uye zvikamu zvaro nguva nenguva.Tsiva zvikamu zvakaratidza kukanganisa.Izvi zvichawedzera hupenyu hwebasa revhavha.Uyewo, iva nechokwadi chokuti mavharuvhu akaiswa zvakanaka.

Muchidimbu

Kutsiviwa kwevharuvhu kunodhura zvakanyanya.Ndokusaka kuwana mavharuvhu akasimba ane akakodzera certification anofanirwa.Nguva dzose chengetedza mavharuvhu pachiratidzo chekutanga chekukuvara kwevhavha, gadzirisa zvinoda kugadziriswa uye kutsiva zvikamu zvakakanganisika.